Anthony Hecht

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Anthony Evan Hecht (January 16, 1923 - October 20, 2004) was an American poet. His work combined a deep interest in form with a passionate desire to confront the horrors of 20th century history, with the Second World War, in which he fought, and the Holocaust being recurrent themes in his work.

Early years
Hecht was born in New York City to German-Jewish parents. He was educated at various schools in the city - he was a classmate of Jack Kerouac at Horace Mann School - but showed no great academic ability, something he would later refer to as "conspicuous." However, as a freshman English student at Bard College in New York he discovered the works of Stevens, Auden, Eliot, and Dylan Thomas. It was at this point that he decided he would become a poet. Hecht's parents were not happy at his plans and tried to discourage them, even getting family friend Ted Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss, to attempt to dissuade him.

In 1944, upon completing his final year at Bard, Hecht was drafted into the 97th Infantry Division and was sent to the battlefields in Europe. He saw a great deal of combat in Germany, France, and Czechoslovakia. However, his most significant experience occurred on April 23, 1945. On this day Hecht's division helped liberate FlossenbÃ¼rg concentration camp. Hecht was ordered to interview French prisoners in the hope of gathering evidence on the camp's commanders. Years later, Hecht said of this experience, "The place, the suffering, the prisoners' accounts were beyond comprehension. For years after I would wake shrieking."

Career
After the war ended, Hecht took advantage of the G.I. bill to study under the poet-critic John Crowe Ransom at Kenyon College, Ohio. Here he came into contact with fellow poets such as Randall Jarrell, Elizabeth Bishop, and Allen Tate. He later received his master's degree from Columbia University. In 1947-48 Hecht attended the University of Iowa and taught in the Iowa Writers' Workshop, together with poet Robert Lowell and writer Robie Macauley, with whom Hecht had served during WWII, but, suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder after his war service, gave it up swiftly to enter psychoanalysis.

Hecht released his first collection, A Summoning of Stones, in 1954. In this work his mastery of a wide range of poetic forms were clear as was his awareness of the forces of history, which he had seen first hand. Even at this stage Hecht's poetry was often compared with that of Auden, with whom Hecht had become friends in 1951 during a holiday on the Italian island of Ischia, where Auden spent each summer. In 1993 Hecht published The Hidden Law, a critical reading of Auden's body of work. During his career Hecht won many fans, and prizes, including the Prix de Rome in 1951 and the 1968 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for his second work The Hard Hours. It was within this volume that Hecht first addressed his own experiences of World War II - memories that had caused him to have a nervous breakdown in 1959. Hecht spent three months in hospital following his breakdown, although he was spared electric shock therapy, unlike Sylvia Plath, whom he had encountered while teaching at Smith College.

Hecht's main source of income was as a teacher of poetry, most notably at the University of Rochester where he taught from 1967 to 1985. He also spent varying lengths of time teaching at other notable institutions such as Smith, Bard, Harvard, Georgetown, and Yale. Between 1982 and 1984, he held the esteemed position of Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress. Hecht won a number of notable literary awards including: the 1968 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry (for the volume The Hard Hours), the 1983 Bollingen Prize, the 1988 Ruth Lilly Poetry Prize, the 1997 Wallace Stevens Award, the 1999/2000 Frost Medal, and the Tanning Prize.

Hecht died October 20, 2004, at his home in Washington, D. C.; he is buried at the cemetery at Bard College. One month later, on November 17, Hecht was awarded the National Medal of Arts, accepted on his behalf by his wife, Helen Hecht.

The Anthony Hecht prize is awarded annually by the Waywiser press.

Double Dactyl
Hecht is also notably one of the inventors of the double dactyl, a form of light verse. In his weekly on-line chat on January 22, 2008, Gene Weingarten of the Washington Post wrote a double dactyl to honor Hecht:


 * Higgledy Piggledy
 * Anthony Hecht, who could
 * Write about death in words
 * Epic yet warm,
 * Went to his own with some
 * Counterintuitive
 * Logic; his legacy's
 * This stupid form.

Poetry

 * A Summoning of Stones (1954)
 * The Hard Hours (1967)
 * Millions of Strange Shadows (1977)
 * The Venetian Vespers (1979)
 * The Transparent Man (1990)
 * Flight Among the Tombs (1998)
 * The Darkness and the Light (Poem)|The Darkness and the Light (2001)
 * More Light! More Light! (Poem)

Criticism

 * Obbligati: Essays in Criticism (1986)
 * The Hidden Law: The Poetry of W. H. Auden (1993)
 * On the Laws of the Poetic Art (1995)
 * Melodies Unheard: Essays on the Mysteries of Poetry (Johns Hopkins University Press) (2003)

Translated

 * Aeschylus's Seven Against Thebes (1973) (with Helen Bacon)