Edward Quillinan

born at Oporto on 12 Aug. 1791, was the son of Edward Quillinan, an Irishman of a good but impoverished family, who had become a prosperous wine merchant at Oporto. His mother, whose maiden name was Ryan, died soon after her son had been sent, in 1798, to England, to be educated at Roman catholic schools. Returning to Portugal, he entered his father's counting-house, but this distasteful employment ceased upon the French invasion under Junot in 1807, which obliged the family to seek refuge in England. After spending some time without any occupation, he entered the army as a cornet in a cavalry regiment, from which, after seeing some service at Walcheren. he passed into another regiment, stationed at Canterbury. A satirical pamphlet in verse, entitled ‘The Ball Room Votaries,’ involved him in a series of duels, and compelled him to exchange into the 3rd dragoon guards, with which he served through the latter portion of the Peninsular war. In 1814 he made his first serious essay in poetry by publishing ‘Dunluce Castle, a Poem,’ which was printed at the Lee Priory Press, 4to; and it was followed by ‘Stanzas by the author of Dunluce Castle’ (1814, 4to), by ‘The Sacrifice of Isabel,’ a more important effort (1816); and by ‘Elegiac Verses’ addressed to Lady Brydges in memory of her son, Grey Matthew Brydges (Lee Priory, 1817, 4to). In 1817 he married Jemima, second daughter of Sir Samuel Egerton Brydges [q. v.], and subsequently served with his regiment in Ireland. In 1819 ‘Dunluce Castle’ attracted the notice of Thomas Hamilton (1789−1842) [q. v.] the original Morgan O'Doherty of ‘Blackwood's Magazine,’ who ridiculed it in a review entitled ‘Poems by a Heavy Dragoon.’ Quillinan deferred his rejoinder until 1821, when he attacked Wilson and Lockhart, whom he erroneously supposed to be the writers, in his ‘Retort Courteous,’ a satire largely consisting of passages from ‘Peter's Letters to his Kinsfolk,’ done into verse. The misunderstanding was dissipated through the friendly offices of Robert Pearse Gillies [q. v.], and all parties became good friends. In the same year Quillinan retired from the army, and settled at Spring Cottage, between Rydal and Ambleside, and thus in the immediate neighbourhood of Wordsworth, whose poetry he had long devotedly admired. Scarcely was he established there when a tragic fate overtook his wife, who died from the effects of burns, 25 May 1822, leaving two daughters. Wordsworth was godfather of the younger daughter, and he wrote an epitaph on Mrs. Quillinan. Distracted with grief, Quillinan fled to the continent, and afterwards lived alternately in London, Paris, Portugal, and Canterbury, until 1841, when he married Wordsworth's daughter, Dorothy (see below). The union encountered strong opposition on Wordsworth's part, not from dislike of Quillinan, but from dread of losing his daughter's society. He eventually submitted with a good grace, and became fully reconciled to Quillinan, who proved an excellent husband and son-in-law. In 1841 Quillinan published ‘The Conspirators,’ a three-volume novel, embodying his recollections of military service in Spain and Portugal. In 1843 he appeared in ‘Blackwood’ as the defender of Wordsworth against Landor, who had attacked his poetry in an imaginary conversation with Porson, published in the magazine. Quillinan's reply was a cento of all the harsh dicta of the erratic critic respecting great poets, and the effect was to invalidate in the mass an indictment whose counts it might not have been easy to answer seriatim. Landor dismissed his remarks as ‘Quill-inanities;’ Wordsworth himself is said to have regarded the defence as indiscreet.

In 1845 the delicate health of his wife induced Quillinan to travel with her for a year in Portugal and Spain, and the excursion produced a charming book from her pen (see below). In 1846 he contributed an extremely valuable article to the ‘Quarterly’ on Gil Vicente, the Portuguese dramatic poet. In 1847 his second wife died, and four years later (8 July 1851) Quillinan himself died (at Loughrig Holme, Ambleside) of inflammation, occasioned by taking cold upon a fishing excursion; he was buried in Grasmere churchyard. His latter years had been chiefly employed in translations of Camoens's ‘Lusiad,’ five books of which were completed, and of Herculano's ‘History of Portugal.’ The latter, also left imperfect, was never printed; the 'Lusiad' was published in 1853 by John Adamson [q. v.], another translator of Camoens. A selection from Quillinan's original poems, principally lyrical, with a memoir, was published in the same year by William Johnston, the editor of Wordsworth.

Quillinan was a sensitive, irritable, but most estimable man. ‘All who know him,’ says Southey, writing in 1830, ‘are very much attached to him.’ ‘Nowhere,’ says Johnston, speaking of his correspondence during his wife's hopeless illness, ‘has the writer of this memoir ever seen letters more distinctly marked by manly sense, combined with almost feminine tenderness.’ Matthew Arnold in his ‘Stanzas in Memory of Edward Quillinan,’ speaks of him as ‘a man unspoil'd, sweet, generous, and humane.’ As an original poet his claims are of the slenderest; his poems would hardly have been preserved but for the regard due to his personal character and his relationship to Wordsworth. His version of the 'Lusiad,' nevertheless, though wanting his final corrections, has considerable merit, and he might have rendered important service to two countries if he had devoted his life to the translation and illustration of Portuguese literature.