List of national poets

Template:Unreferenced A national poet or national bard is a poet held by tradition and popular acclaim to represent the identity, beliefs and principles of a particular national culture. The national poet as culture hero is a long-standing symbol, to be distinguished from the successive holders of a bureaucratically-appointed Poet Laureate office.

Most national poets are historical figures, although a few contemporary writers working in relatively new or revived national literatures are also considered "national" poets. Some nations may have more than one national poet; the idea of a single national poet is always an act of simplification.

There follows a list of nations. Note that this is not a list of sovereign states or countries, though many of the nations listed may also be states or countries. The terms "nation" (cultural), "country" (geographical) and "state" (political) are not synonyms.

List of national poets[]

Afghanistan - Khushal Khan Khattak^[1]
Albania - Gjergj Fishta
Argentina - JosÃ© HernÃ¡ndez^[2]
Austria - Peter Rosegger, Franz Grillparzer, Johann Nepomuk Nestroy
Australia - Adam Lindsay Gordon, Henry Lawson, Dorothea Mackellar, A.B. "Banjo" Paterson
Azerbaijan - FuzÃ»lÃ®, Nezami Ganjavi, Imadaddin Nasimi, Samad Vurgun
Bangladesh - Kazi Nazrul Islam^[3]
Belarus - Adam Mickiewicz, Yakub Kolas, Yanka Kupala
Brazil - GonÃ§alves Dias, Olavo Bilac, Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis.
Bulgaria - Hristo Botev,^[4] Ivan Vazov
Catalonia - Jacint Verdaguer
Croatia - Marko MaruliÄ‡, Miroslav KrleÅ¾a
Czech Republic - Karel Hynek MÃ¡cha, Jan Neruda
Chile - Pablo Neruda
China - Du Fu, Li Bai
Cuba - JosÃ© MartÃ
Dagestan - Rasul Gamzatov
Denmark - Adam OehlenschlÃ¤ger
Dominican Republic - Pedro Mir
Ecuador - Jose Joaquin de Olmedo, Jorge Enrique Adoum, Karina Galvez
England - William Shakespeare
Finland - Johan Ludvig Runeberg
France - Victor Hugo, Charles Baudelaire
Friesland - Gysbert Japicx
Galicia - RosalÃa de Castro
Georgia - Shota Rustaveli
Germany - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Friedrich von Schiller
Greece - Homer, Dionisios Solomos
Guernsey - George MÃ©tivier
Hungary - SÃ¡ndor PetÅ‘fi
Iceland - HallgrÃmur PÃ©tursson, HalldÃ³r Laxness
India - Subramanya Bharathi
Israel - Yehuda Amichai, Hayyim Nahman Bialik
Iran - Ferdowsi, Hafez, Nezami, Saadi, Khayyam, Rumi, Naser Khosrow, Adib Boroumand
Ireland - Thomas Moore, William Butler Yeats
Italy - Dante Alighieri
Jews - Yehuda Halevi
Kashmir - Mahjoor
Kazakhstan - Abay Qunanbayuli
Latvia - Rainis
Lebanon - Gibran Khalil Gibran, Said Akl
Lithuania - Adam Mickiewicz
Luxembourg - Edmond de la Fontaine, known as "Dicks"
Macedonia - KoÄo Racin
Malaysia - Usman Awang
Malta - Dun Karm Psaila
the Netherlands - Joost van den Vondel, Jacob Cats
Nicaragua - Ruben Dario
Nigeria - Chinua Achebe
Ossetia - Kosta Xetagurov
Pakistan - Allama Muhammad Iqbal
Palestine - Mahmoud Darwish, (1917-2003), "the poet of Palestine"
Panama - Ricardo MirÃ³ (1883-1940)^[5]
Peru - CÃ©sar Vallejo
Philippines - Francisco Balagtas
Poland - the Three Bards: Adam Mickiewicz, Juliusz SÅ‚owacki, Zygmunt KrasiÅ„ski
Portugal - LuÃs de CamÃµes (author of the national epic, The Lusiads), Fernando Pessoa (author of the epic-lyric poem, Mensagem)
Quebec - Ã‰mile Nelligan, Gaston Miron, Octave CrÃ©mazie, Gilles Vigneault, FÃ©lix Leclerc
Republic of India - Rabindranath Tagore, Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Subramanya Bharathi, K. V. Puttappa, Govind Pai, Kavi Pradeep, G.S. Shivarudrappa, N.L. Shraman
Romania and Moldova - Mihai Eminescu
Russia - Alexander Pushkin,^[6] Mikhail Lermontov, Fyodor Tyutchev
Saudi Arabia - Ghazi Abdul Rahman Algosaibi
Scotland - Robert Burns, Hugh MacDiarmid, John Barbour, Edwin Morgan
Serbia and Montenegro - Petar PetroviÄ‡ NjegoÅ¡
Slovakia - Pavol OrszÃ¡gh Hviezdoslav
Slovenia - France PreÅ¡eren
Somalia - Hassan Ganey - Abdillahi Suldaan Mohammed Timacade - Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame 'Hadrawi'
South Africa - Mazisi Kunene
Spain - Miguel de Cervantes
Sweden - Carl Michael Bellman, Evert Taube, Gustaf FrÃ¶ding, Verner von Heidenstam, Esaias TegnÃ©r
Syria - Nizar Qabbani
Tunisia - Aboul-Qacem Echebbi
Turkey - Mehmet Akif Ersoy
Ukraine - Taras Shevchenko
United States - Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson
Venezuela - RÃ³mulo Gallegos, AndrÃ©s Eloy Blanco
Vietnam - Nguyen Du
Wales - Dylan Thomas, Dafydd ap Gwilym

Sobriquets[]

The French language has a number of sobriquets to denote the origin of various literary languages. Many of these writers may be considered as the bard of their nation, even if they were primarily dramatists or prose writers.

Dutch language: langue de Vondel
English language: langue de Shakespeare
Esperanto language: langue de Zamenhof
French language: langue de MoliÃ¨re or langue de Voltaire
German language: langue de Goethe
Greek language: langue de HomÃ¨re
Italian language: langue de Dante
Latin language: langue de CicÃ©ron
Norman language: langue de Wace
Polish language: langue de Adam Mickiewicz
Portuguese language: langue de LuÃs de CamÃµes
ProvenÃ§al language: langue de Mistral
Romanian language: langue de Mihai Eminescu
Russian language: langue de TolstoÃ¯ or langue de Pouchkine
Spanish language: langue de CervantÃ¨s

Notes[]

↑ "Early Afghan literature" on culturalprofiles.net
↑ James Woodall, Borges: A Life, Basic Books (1996). ISBN 0-465-04361-5. Relevant excerpt available on the New York Times web site, accessed 9 March 2007.
↑ Aparna Chatterjee, Kaazi Nazrul Islam; The National Poet of Bangladesh : A Profile Study on The Literary Shelf, Boloji.com. Accessed 9 March 2007.
↑ Hristo Botevâ€™s birth anniversary, Radio Bulgaria History and Religion, posted January 6, 2007, updated on January 12, 2007, accessed 9 March 2007
↑ Daniel Balderston, Mike (2004). Encyclopedia of Latin American and Caribbean Literature, 1900-2003. Routledge. p. 666. ISBN 0415306876. http://books.google.com/books?id=gamNThQUZvEC&pg=PA356&lpg=PA356&dq=ricardo+mir%C3%B3+poet&source=web&ots=oTAnsTKfUM&sig=kbZv1Hbd7zC2IvxkMfu7oP4RFQc.
↑ Stephanie Sandler, Commemorating Pushkin: Russia's Myth of a National Poet, Stanford University Press (2004) ISBN 0804734488

|group2= By nationality
or culture

|list2 =

|group3= By type

|list3 =

}} Template:National symbols

This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia. (view article). (view authors).

[1] "Early Afghan literature" on culturalprofiles.net

[2] James Woodall, Borges: A Life, Basic Books (1996). ISBN 0-465-04361-5. Relevant excerpt available on the New York Times web site, accessed 9 March 2007.

[3] Aparna Chatterjee, Kaazi Nazrul Islam; The National Poet of Bangladesh : A Profile Study on The Literary Shelf, Boloji.com. Accessed 9 March 2007.

[4] Hristo Botevâ€™s birth anniversary, Radio Bulgaria History and Religion, posted January 6, 2007, updated on January 12, 2007, accessed 9 March 2007

[bio-5] Daniel Balderston, Mike (2004). Encyclopedia of Latin American and Caribbean Literature, 1900-2003. Routledge. p. 666. ISBN 0415306876. http://books.google.com/books?id=gamNThQUZvEC&pg=PA356&lpg=PA356&dq=ricardo+mir%C3%B3+poet&source=web&ots=oTAnsTKfUM&sig=kbZv1Hbd7zC2IvxkMfu7oP4RFQc.

[6] Stephanie Sandler, Commemorating Pushkin: Russia's Myth of a National Poet, Stanford University Press (2004) ISBN 0804734488

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]